Carbureting mechanism for gas-engines.



V J. c. COULOMBEL CARBURETgNG MECHANISM FOR GAS ENGlNE&

' APPLICATION HLED 00119, m0.

Patented Feb 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

ATTORNEY J. C. COULOMBE. CARBURE'HNG MECHANISM FOR GAS ENGINES.APRLiCATlON FILEVD OCT. 19."191o.'

patented Feb. 22,1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' WITNESSES: INVENTOH I V Joseph C. Coulomlu'e.

I Arman 5y a e. couches, for poem-Imam), a wInnIAM H. BARKER,

ai ly to a device fol-securing proper 1' of a volatileexplosivesubstance.

b cts of the invention are to prohanism for securing as complete at ofvtheoil orfjother substance d for formingan explosive mix llsccan'eproper"combustion of the hcr objertis to control the effectivev thevacuum created by the suction engine in such niani'icr that the fluidthe engine :due tothe vacuum will ilnpregnated to the: proper degree ismaterials forming the explosive ther object is to control the sucfthof"the engine with reference to u'etinghdgvice in such manner that beenconstant anduniforni flow of 'iu 'h theincchanisnis irrespective of Itions in suction. a 1: a ing to the draivings: Figure 1 the mechanisniasapplied to an y "njder; F i'g. 2 isgal central secew; of the controllingdevice interhc engine cylinder and carbureting In. it Fig43 is a detailCFOSS'SQClLlOllHl mixing valve such as illustrated ontrollerflinFig. 1.Fig. 4 is de elevation with parts ibroken istrating' the controllerapplicd "to yfioat-feedcarbureter. Fig 5 is e vieiv of onle ofthe conesof the a device. it i I :tice, many v formsjxjof g carburetmg sinshavebeenyutilizedincluding the -arb1rrctcrs in whichjtliepilor volaisdrmvnoil by theysuction of the it pulls varyingr" volumes of air fluid nozzleandincluding the so- 11Xingvalvc's inuvhichthe fuel ori- Specificationof Letters Patent. Application'fild October 19, 1910.

ent upon its speed tion oi the carbureting mechanism has been tlon duetouneven andvarying suction of;

to fill. the cylinder the carbureting' pressure expand uniformly'and inall. ClllEC- the mechanism hereinaftzr eral which, of course, isprovided with a piston EDSTATES A T I OFFICE VERMONT, ASSIGNOR orONE-HALF TO 0F NEWYORK, 1v.

ionnnunn'rme MECHANISM senses-Enemies.

man-a1 Feb. 22, 1916. Serial No. 537,591. r

lice is closedby a valve which is subject to change of positionuponvariations in the suction effect of t'he engine. It has also been apractice to utilize compensating mechanisms for carburetors for varyingthe quantity of air with refercnce'to the suction effect of the engineand consequently vary the. quantity of volatile fluidtaken up by saidsuction. In

all such devices, the suction of the engine isnecessarily variabledependand therefore the operachanges of suction..

It is the prunary obyect of the Invent on to overcome the ob ections ofimproper operamore or less uncertain due to extreme theenginc byprovidinga means intermediate the fuel supply and air inlet and theengine cylinder for obviating variable and undue suction of the engineby controlling saidsuction. It is believed this has not been practicallydone heretofore, in as much as variations in suction due to thevariations in speed of the engine and the consequent passage of varyingvolumes of fluid through the'carbmretingmechanism in a given period oftime has necessarily subjected the carbureting mechanism to abnormalconditions. resulting in improper mixture of the air and liquid fuel. Inthe device herein described,

the suction itself is controlled \vitha result that uniform conditionsmay be maintained in the carbureting device.

It is of course apparent that an engine cylinderhaving a given boreandstroke requires a given volume of explosivemixture .90

and it is the object of the present, invention to provide the propervolume of mixture for thecylinder without creatinggreat variation insuction through mechanism. Gases under tions. when released, and it isassumed in described that theincoining gases, bein released by theformationot a partial vacuum, likewise expand as hereinafter defined, assoon as they i enter the chamber in which the partial vacuum has beeninduced.

In the-accompanying drawings, the num- 1, denotes a cylinder of a gasengine inlet and exhaust valves, and mechanism (ordinarily employed forcontrolling the operation of said parts including an ignition device. v

The several parts of the engine are not 'herein specificall 1 shown anddescribed as such devicesare .well known in the art and the mechanismhereinafter defined'may beapphed to the various types of gas or liquidhydro-carbon engines. a

As illustrated in thed'rawings,"in Fig; .1,

the cylinder is provided with an inlet 2, and an exhaust 3. a The inlet2, as shown in Figs..-

. 1 and 3, is connected with a carbur'eting de-' vice ofthe mixing valvetype "illustrated at 4, and inthe connection, between the mixing valveand the 'inlet valve of the cylinder is arranged the controller '5. Themixing valve, as shown herein, comprises a casing 6, having an air inlet7, and an outlet 8. 7 An oil nozzle of a fuel nozzle 9, exte'ndswithinthe chamber 10, of the mixing valve and is controlled by a needle-valve11, connected with a bafile-plate 12, which divides the 25 chamber 10,from the chamber 11. The outlet 8, is in connection with the chamber 10,through an adjustable passage 13, and through the valve opening 15,controlled by the baflie-plate' 12, when the'latter is raised. 30

The passage-way 13, is controlled as to its 'areaby a plate14, actuatedby a thumb-nut needle-valve 11, permitting the liquid fuel to passthrough the nozzle 9-, from the sup ply connection 20. In order tocompensate for the variations in speed, the passage way 13, is provided,and thus a certain portion -.of air entering the chamber 10, through theinlet 7, will pass by the nozzle 9, and

through the passage 13, becoming mixed with' the fluid which. haspassedup through the opening 15, and carried-with it a certain amount ofthe liquid fuel. Such a mixing valve as above described is not new inthe art.

1 In- Fig; 4, thecontroller is illustrated in connection with afloat-feed carbureter' of theordinarytypeinwhich there is a casing 25,provided with a float-feed chamber 26, and a carbureting chamber 27. Theairin let to the cal-bursting chamber 27 is illustrated at, 28, adjacentto the fuel nozzle 29,

which is in direct connection withthe floatfeed" chamber 26, through apassage 30. A float-feed 3 1, controls the inlet valve 32, whichconnects the float-feed chamber 26,

with the: supply-pipe 33. i The m'echanism'is I so adjusted that aconstant l'evel is maintained in the-oil nozzle 29, and a, valve 34,controls the-nozzle 29. Suitably mounted upon the casing is the lever35, which con trols a suitable throttling valve 36, for throttling themixture which is sucked in of 'the carbureter and ofcoursehas properconnectionwith the engine-cylinder; In

by the engine. .The controller 5, is illus trated as extending frompgtheoutlet-side37,

either of these devices, the; mixing: valve shown in'Figs. 1 and fljorthe fioat fed car- \bureter cesarean-Fig.4, a i the object td-pick upthe-proper-amount of liquid fuel 'with the airwhfich i's ,ln'oifght-v in.through the carbureter. In .alllsuch' devices, the variations'.insuctionydue to the variations in .speed of :they; engine: cause. an"improper action of the carburetin g 'mechariism, and

the mixture secured with a certain. adjust-- ment of the devices, may betoo .rich or too-poor tbigive'thebest results. To-overcome thesebbjECtlOnSfZt controllerv is interposed between the carbureter or mixingvalve and the intake valve of the engine as illustrated in the drawing.This controller consists of a casing shown herein as of tubular form andprovided interiorly with a series of'-cone-like members 38 nested to-,

gether within the casing 39. The cone-like members 38, when nestedtogether, form independent chambers 40, each of said chambers havingtheir side-walls extending at an angle. from the central axis of thedevice. v

The cones may be so formed that their open ends gradually decrease indiameter from, one end of the structure to the'other, in such mannerthat the incoming fluid, gas

or vapor, is firstiexpanded into an open chamber 41, and is then drawnforward through the central opening concentrically ariangedwvithreference to all of the chambers and expands intoeach of thesucceedl/Vhere each successive chamber has a slightly reduced inlet ascompared with the preceding chamber, the column of mixture ing chambers40, formed by the cones 38.

passing is gradually diverted into the several chambers. The gases arecaused to impingeagainst one wall of each of the chambers and aftercirculating therein and ex.-'

panding, finally find their way into the next succeeding chamber. Thusthe initial force due to variations in suction'is taken upin theseveralchambers and does'not react to cause serious disturbance of the .car-

bureting mechanism. -It will be noted that the area and cubic contentsof the device is comparatively large,1 while the direct central openingtherethrouglris comparatively small. 'At the same time, there is a clearopening through the controllingdevice and the engine is therefore free.to draw the ecessary Quantity of vapor through the con "rolleratalltimes. 1

Itis apparentfthat the greater the vacuum eater the speed of the columnof gas will ietheavier particles xvill be thrown into the ambers, in asmuch as the gas imder the ressurc will expandxin all directions. The ectisfor each ofthe succeeding cones 't' o ajke 01f a portion of gasfromthe passing lurnnivhich portion; of course, Will connrthe lessattenuated mixture. For" in;

ach of itschamb'er's by the gradual exlaust on of the fluid. IAt thesame time,

1s a suction effect upon the carbureting hanisin. As the engine variesits speed udde'nlyincreases its speed, the vacuum re pronounced;Thereupon, there is a atertendency forevapor or. gas to expand nto thevacuum chambers; The heavier are naturally thrown tothe outside and awayfromthe central line of movement of gases and if these particlesaresuitiently heavy, they Willultimately be forced buckltlrtl? and outinttrthe open channel through the centralline of the devicetilg ingherepickedaipjbythe more rarified gas and successively thrown'into theseveral chamincrease: in the suction due to sudden increase 'inspeedofthe piston will not be efiectiive to cause flooding. of thecarburet'er andl the drawing upof a greater quality of explosivemixture; If the carbureting mechanism isonce properly ad usted iteedsrno further attention as the effect of form passage} of ,vapor ofthe proper attenuation, even; upon varying speeds of the engine." Bycreatipgxa partial vacuum throughout the chambers of the controller,itlafolloivs thatythere 1s a constant and even draft tlirough thecarbureter, andveven if t niivtu'rebecomes too-rich upon entrance t thecontroller, the expansion of t-he gases will throw off the heavierparticles until celumn of vapor, Italia s beenfound from actualexperiments that P the mixture thus secured 11s a very perfect nnxture,in as much as the combustionis complete and the sed by-thesuc'tion ofthe engine, the

and the more rapidly and more certainly nee, when" running at lowspeeds,

al vacuum ismformed 111" the controller y lV hat I claim as my inventionand desire ases ibearing the richest amount of liquid ens. Withthisdevice, a sudden impulse or 3 tel than isyrequired to secure theproperthe controller isto give a gradual and un i-' they are graduallypicked up by the moving" i varying vo controlling mg up the lumes withmore or less forceful uupulse, 1s constantly pasing through .the

device and throwing oil or talc particles of oil until the proper degreeof saturation is attained.

Obviousl be varied t y the details of the device might o a consulei'ableextent and While it is sho vnherein of cylindrical form, this form mightbe varied Without departing from the-spirit or intent of the invention.

Furthermo the taperin re, the number of chambers and g otthe conesforming the several chambers, together iv'ith the size of openingtherethrough may be varied to suit the enigenome of to secure b 1., In aand a flui any particular case.

y Letters Patent is and to be vaporized by the passage of vapor throughthe inlet and an outlet for the vaporized fiuidconnectedwith ashctiondevice, means for maintaining asubstantially constant In ixture of fluidand vapor through said device upon varying conditions of suction, saidmeans including a series ofchambers intermediate the outlet side of thevaporizer and the suction device,'each chamher having its wall simperjforateand tapered toward a common central axis and each chamberhaving its inlet projecting Within the preceding chamber.

2. In a vaporizer embodying an 2111 inlet,

a fluid supply to be mixed therewith and an outlet, a cylindrical casingextending from the outlet and having arranged therein a 5813168 015chambers, each chamber having imperforat e walls and each chamberopening to a common central orifice connecting all of said chambers, theinlet of each chamber arranged within the .next preceding individualtion where trolled.

3. In co an engine chamberof the series, the chambers forming expansionchambers arranged in series to receive the fluid passing through thevaporizer. and succesively subgect to sue by the speed of the fluid iscon-,

inbinati on with a vaporizer for or the l1ke,,means ntermediate saidvaporizer and engine forcontrolling the speed of movement of thefiuulthrough said vaporizer, series of annular chambersformed with 1msaidmeans *enibodying a perforate tapered members nested one vithin theother and with their wallssubstangtially parallel, all of-said chambersbeing :tlosed except for a centralopening common to all of saidchambers, the central opening to each'cluimber located \vithin the wallsof the next preceding chamber of the series.

annular 4. In combination with a vaporizer for an engine or t said vaporhe like, actuated by the suction of easing intermediate izer andengme,.sa1d casing con- 3 tainip at series oficonical imperfor'atewallsmfi'gd' parallel to each other and extendg a'rd the cgntr'al axisof thecasing, 1 stud walls halving a'common central opening Iitherthroligh -aranged (no-axially with the a'x-isnfthe Casing andwiththe central aperttImY-Ofeach ofthe succeedjng wal-ls gradw 'ally d f aasing ih diamete r from the inl et toward the outlet of the casing.

'J0sEPH o.-00 L0M13E. Witness es:

. KATE- BRENNER, lW B. H LL.

